# Data Entry - Reservoir

A reservoir is essentially a known pressure element which allows you to add as many pipe connections as you need. For this component we need to set all properties that define the fluid phase state. In practice this means the rows shown in the Input Editor in Figure 1: Figure 1: Input Requirements for a Reservoir. Unique Name: Allows you to enter a descriptive name for this element. You can use this to describe the reservoir element. It is not necessary to add any data to this field. If you do enter data here you can use this later to sort via the Lists. Status: For reservoir elements there are 2 possible status values. On; Off. On is the normal position and tells the application that this node is open and to calculate the flow into or out of the element. Off means that this component is closed to flow. You can close reservoirs to isolate part of a network. Elevation to Vessel Base: This is the height to the base of the reservoir above a selected datum. You can select any datum (base line with elevation = 0) that is convenient for you. When you construct any network you need to decide on a datum. This can typically be ground level, or the centerline of a pump. In flow calculations absolute elevations are not important, only the relative elevations of the nodes are important. The elevation that you enter in this row is the elevation of the known pressure measured from the datum. If you are using this type of node to model a storage tank or any other vessel, you enter the liquid height (relative to the vessel base) directly into the Liquid Level above Base row. Elevation Unit: The unit of length that defines the elevation to the base of the reservoir that you have entered into the elevation row. Surface Pressure: This sets the overpressure in the vessel or tank. Atmospheric pressure is a typical value, but the vessel may also be over or under atmospheric pressure. Note, if you set the pressure to be 0 bar g or 0 Pa g, etc., the actual surface pressure will become 101325 Pa a or 1 ATM. Pressure Unit: This is the pressure (or head) unit that you use to define the known pressure. You can use head or pressure units both gauge and absolute. Gauge units end with a "g" and absolute units end with an "a", for example 200 kPa g means 200 KPa above atmospheric pressure (101325 Pa a). Temperature: This is the temperature of the fluid at the reservoir boundary. Temperature Unit: Refers to the unit of temperature that is used to specify the temperature value. Liquid Level above Base: Enter the liquid height above the vessel base directly into this row. Note, if you define a liquid level of zero, any pipe connected to the vessel may have a connection height which is above the defined liquid level. The pipe connection will therefore be within the designated vapor space of the tank. When calculating your network, any pipes above the liquid level may have vapor assigned to the pipe and the results calculated on this basis. If your intention is to assign liquid to all connected pipes, take care to ensure the liquid level defined is above the highest branch connection which has been set in the "Connections" row on the Input Inspector (Figure 1 above). If you don't intend to include a head of liquid in your model, you also have the option of using a Known or Assigned Pressure boundary node which is also available from the Boundaries tab on the Component Palette. Level Unit: The unit of length used to define the liquid level. Vessel Type: Cylindrical Flat Bottomed vessels are the only type supported at this time. This row is for future expansion. Vessel Diameter: The inside diameter of the vessel or reservoir. FluidFlow does not use this value in any calculation, but it is reserved for future calculations. Note, there is no requirement to set a tank diameter of zero in an attempt to overcome any pressure loss for this component as the reservoir doesn't have an associated pressure loss in FluidFlow. If you are not clear what your tank dimensions shall be, accept the default settings until you have this information available to you. Vessel Full Height: The liquid height when the vessel is considered to be full. FluidFlow does not use this value in any calculation, but it is reserved for future calculations. Note, there is no requirement to set a tank height of zero in an attempt to overcome any pressure loss for this component as the reservoir doesn't have an associated pressure loss in FluidFlow. If you are not clear what your tank dimensions shall be, accept the default settings until you have this information available to you. Vessel Dimension Unit: The units of length used to specify the vessel dimensions. Connections: Reservoirs can have any number of pipe connections. You cannot enter the connection information directly, instead you need to enter the connection information via the Reservoir Connections dialog (Figure 2). If you use this dialog and then later add a new pipe to the reservoir, you will need to click on this row again in order to define the new connection information. Figure 2: Pipe Connection Requirements for a Reservoir. For each pipe connection that you have made you can specify the following entries: Branch Height: This is the height of the pipe take off from the reservoir/vessel base. You should enter the height to the bottom of the pipe. Height Unit: The unit of length that you have used to specify the branch height. Entrance Type: This allows you to specify the way that the pipe enters or leaves the vessel/reservoir. Possible values are: Ignore Entry/Exit Loss; Sharp Edged (Kd = 1.0 or 0.5); Bellmouth (Kd = 0.8); Inward Projecting (Kd = 0.68); API or Liquid (Kd = 0.62). If you select an entrance/exit connection type other than "Ignore Entry/Exit Loss", FluidFlow will include the losses automatically into the calculation solution. Fluid: You cannot add a value directly into this row by typing an entry. Instead when you focus on this row a button appears at the right edge. This allows you to select a value from the fluids database via the Select Fluid dialog. There are over 1200 fluids in the standard database. Fluid Type: This row may not appear in your version. It only appears if you have the Non-Newtonian/Slurry or Two-Phase module activated. The possible selections are: Newtonian/NN-Non Settling; Heterogeneous Settling; Two Phase. Selecting Newtonian/NN-Non Settling does not require any additional data entry concerning the fluid. You can make Non-Newtonian Non Settling calculations by selecting the appropriate fluid from the Select Fluid dialog. Selecting Heterogeneous Settling means that you can use a settling slurry as the fluid. If you make this selection then the rows as shown in Figure 3 appear: Figure 3: Additional data requirement for a Heterogeneous Settling Slurry. Solids: You cannot add a value directly into this row by typing an entry. Instead when you focus on this row a button appears at the right edge. This allows you to select a solid from the solids database via the Select Solid dialog. Concentration Defined By: There are two possible values for this entry: Cw Weight %; Cv Volume %. This row works together with the Solids Concentration % row. If you select Cw Weight % then you can define the solids concentration of a slurry as a weight percent. If you select Cv Volume % then you can define the solids concentration of a slurry as a volume percent. The carrier fluid is defined in the Fluid row. Include Size Distribution: There are two possible states for this entry: Yes; No. If you select No then you will need to enter the d50 and d85 particle sizes. Note that these are the only two particle sizes that are used in the Durand or WASC (Wilson, Addie, Sellgren and Clift) correlations, so even if you enter particle size distribution data it will not be used unless you select the WASP calculation methods. Calculation methods are selected from the Calculation Options Dialog. d50: d50 is the mass mean particle diameter. This is the diameter at which 50% of the sample's mass is composed of smaller particles. d85: d85 is the particle diameter for which 85%, by mass, of the particles are finer. This is therefore the diameter at which 85% of the sample's mass is composed of smaller particles. d50/d85 Size Unit: This entry defines the unit of length used to define the particle size diameters. If you select Yes to Include Size Distribution, then the following rows appear as shown in Figure 4: Figure 4: Additional particle size data required for Include Size Distribution = Yes. % #xxMesh (.yyymm): For each entry, set the solid percent left on the sieve after a sieve analysis. #xx refers to the mesh size and .yyy represents the mesh size in mm. Selecting Two Phase for the row Fluid Type allows you to enter the initial Quality as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5: Additional data required for a Two Phase fluid. Quality (0..1): This is the vapor quality of the two phase mixture at the reservoir boundary. Quality is the mass fraction of vapor in the two phase mix. 0 means that the phase state is liquid and 1 means that the phase state is vapor. This means your entry should be greater than 0 and less than 1. Selecting Pulp/Paper Stock for the row Fluid Type allows you to enter the Wt% Oven Dry Concentration as shown in Figure 6. Figure 6: Additional data required for a Pulp/Paper Stock. Wt% Oven Dry Concentration: This denotes the % composition of pulp/paper stock in the fluid with the remainder being made up of the carrier fluid. Note, the available pulp and paper calculation methods are only recommended for use in the 0.9 to 6 % (Moller) or 2 to 6 % (TAPPI) consistency range. If you wish to model a consistency value outside the noted range values, you may lose accuracy. User-Defined Fields: Allows you to add "fields" to the element, for use in, for example, scripting or reporting. Clicking on the input will display the User-Defined Fields dialog to add/edit/delete fields. Properties On Flowsheet: This value can either be: Show; or Hide. The Properties on Flowsheet row is available for all components. This means that you can decide what properties you wish to show on the flowsheet and for which components. If Show is selected then additional rows appear in the Input Editor, which allow you to set text font, color, size, text position and the properties you wish to display. The additional rows are shown in Figure 7: Figure 7: Additional input data required for showing properties on the flowsheet. Alignment: This row controls the alignment of the component properties on-screen. Possible values are: Top; Bottom; Left; or Right. Alignment of the displayed text is relative to the center of the component. Font: Text font properties can be set from the standard windows font dialog. Properties: Shows/hides Input and Result fields for display of properties on flowsheet. This allows for visibility of any input or calculated/result data to be controlled for each component. Individual property setting is made via the Select Element Properties dialog.